I would definitely try to move the handrail to the outside of the stairs, the wider the stairs appear, the more welcoming and functional they will be. I don't think I'd go with steel though, I would keep to the era which was timber, it could be painted or stained. I also like most of the ideas and in addition think that painting the rafters a light colour toning with your overall theme will make the whole area feel more expansive. Add a feature to the entrance by way of colour on the door, as suggested or some very sleek ornament on the wall as suggested or my preference would be to feature the risers as mentioned.

There's a lot of timber going on here with the floors and the door, I would avoid any more features in this room and add a narrow console as the previous owner did. Just think, you didn't notice the crevice when you viewed the property. A console is easy and inexpensive, it's also functional if you use it for keys etc. Sitting a large plant (or cut flowers if you can manage the upkeep) on the console will add some vibrant colour and the mirror will reflect it adding depth. A few other accessories will help to dress it up. Consider baskets under the console or something similar to hide the crevice and cover the vast mirror. Whatever you decide to do, I'd love to see an after photo!

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With your design you could install doors in hall. I have circled on plan. (Two options) However the hall is long, so someone seeing right through to family room,should not be a problem. With furniture, draw furniture to scale on your house plans. Then you can work out what size furniture will fit in your space, and where would be the best position for furniture. For example if there is a television in family room, where would that be? Then which way would lounge face. Etc. don't buy furniture before you work out where it will be positioned.